英语高考代词总结_代词英语高考

1.高考英语语法填空的技巧和方法

2.高考英语词汇重点详解：arrange的用法

3.高考英语语法:高中英语语法-定语从句

4.2017年高考英语备考：关系代词副词的区别

5.英语语法：高考英语定语从句的主要考

6.高考英语语法:高中英语语法-用主格代词还是用宾格代词

有

宾语从句

没有人知道他是否会通过考试. 连接代词 连接代词主要有who, whom ,whose ,what ,whoever ,whomever ,whosever, whatever, whichever等. 连接代词一般指疑问,但what, whatever除了指疑问外,也可以指陈述. Do you know who has wo...

主语

有意义,不省略 How the accident happened puzzled everyone.句尾用形式主语it 5) 引导主语从句 whoever/whosever/whatever/whichever/Anywhere/anything that /everyone that/whoever=anyone whom/anything that (泛指)/anything wha...

从句

没人知道他是否会通过考试. ②连接代词 连接代词主要有who, whom ,whose ,what ,whoever ,whomever ,whosever,whatever, whichever等. 连接代词一般指疑问,但what, whatever除了指疑问外,也可以指陈述. 例句: Do you know wh...

主从句

在从句中作状语; how-“怎么样”或代替所说的方式、方法,在从句中作状语。 还有whichever,whoever,whomever,whosever等,比一般连词语气强。 2.定语从句,也叫形容词从句,因为它在复合句中作定语,修饰名词或代词,相当于一个形容词的...

高考英语语法填空的技巧和方法

《高中英语语法-定语从句的种类和用法》由liuxue86.com我整理。本内容整理时间为05月12日，如有任何问题请联系我们。

定语从句的种类和用法

用来说明主句中某一名词或代词（有时也可说明整个主句或主句中一部分）而起定语作用的句子叫作定语从句。

一、关系代词引导的定语从句

1. 关系代词用来指代先行词是人或物的名词或代词

句子成分 用于限制从句或非限制性从句 只用于限制性从句

代替人 代替物代替人或物

主语 Who which that

主语 Whomwhich that

宾语 Whose（=of whom） whose（=of which）

例1：This is the detective who came from London.

例2：The book which I am reading is written by Tomas Hardy.

例3：The desk whose leg is broken is very old.

例4：This is the room that Shakespeare was born in.

2.关系代词的用法

（1）如果先行词是all，much，anything，something，nothing，everything，little，none等不定代词，关系代词一般只用that，不用which.例如：

All the people that are present burst into tears.

（2）如果先等词被形容词最高级以及first，last，any，only，few，mush，no，some，very等词修饰，关系代词常用that，不用which，who，或whom.例如：

（3）非限制性定语从句中，不能用关系代词that，作宾语用的关系代词也不能省略。例如：

There are about seven million people taking part in the election，most of whom、are well educated.

（4）which还有一种特殊用法，它可以引导从句修饰前面的整个主句，代替主句所表示的整体概念或部分概念。在这种从句中，which可以作主语，也可以作宾语或表语，多数情况下意思是与and this 相似，并可以指人。例如：

He succeeded in the competition，which made his parents very happy.

（5）that可指人或物，在从句中作表语，（指人作主语时多用who）仅用于限制性定语从句中。

（6）which可作表语，既可指人，以可指物。指人时，一般指从事某种职业或是有种特征。品性或才能的人。Which引导的定语从句可以限制性的，也可以是非限制性的。

（7）如果作先作词的集体名词着眼于集体的整体，关系代词用which；若是指集体中的各个成员，则用who.

（8）先行词有两个，一个指人，一个指物，关系代词应该用that.例如：

The boy and the dog that are in the picture are very lovely.

（9）如果先行词是anyone，anybody，everyone，everybody，someone，somebody，关系代词应该用 who 或whom，不用which.例如：

Is there anyone here who will go with you？

3.?介词＋关系代词?是一个普遍使用的结构

（1）?介词＋关系代词?可以引导限制性定语从句，也可以引导非限制性定语从句。?介词＋关系代词?结构中的介词可以是 in，on，about，from，for，with，to at，of，without 等，关系代词只可用whom或 which，不可用that .

（2）from where为?介词＋关系副词?结构，但也可以引导定语从句。例如：

We stood at the top of the hill，from where we can see the town?

（3）像listen to，look at，depend on，pay attention to，take care of等固定短语动词，在定语从句中一般不宜将介词与动词分开。例如：

This is the boy whom she has taken care of.

二、关系副词引导的定语从句

1.关系副词也可以引导定语从句

关系副词在从句中分别表示时间。地点或原因。关系副词when在从句中充当时间状语，where 充当地点状语，why充当原因状语。

2. that可引导定语从句表示时间。地点或原因

That有时可以代替关系副词 when，where 或者why引导定语从句表示时间。地点或原因，在 that引导的这种定语从句中，that也可以省去。

三、限制性定语从句与非限制性定语从句

1.二者差异比较

限制定语从句紧跟先行词，同先行词这间一般不加逗号，仅修饰先行词，可以由关系代词。关系副词或that来引导。非限制性定语从句仅作补充或说明，用逗号与主句隔开，既可修饰先行词，又可修饰整个主句，不可用that引导。

2.关系代词和关系副词的选择依据

（1） 弄清代替先行词的关系词在从句中作什么成分，作状语的应选用关系副词，作主语。宾语或表语的可选用关系代词。

3.先行词与定语从句隔离

定语从句一般紧跟在先行词之后，但定语从句与先行词之间有时也会插入别的成分，构成先行词与定语从句的隔离。例如：

1）This is the article written by him that Is poke to you about?

2）He was the only person in this country who was invited

四、As在定语从句中的用法

1. 引导限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句

（1）as多与such 或the same连用，可以代替先行词是人或物的名词。

（2）as 也可单独使用，引导非限制性定语从句，作用相当于which.例如：

The elephant's nose is like a snake，as anybody can see.

（3）the same? that与 the same ?as在意思上是不同的。

2.As引导的非限制性定语从句的位置

as引导的非限制性定语从句位置较灵活，可以位于主句前面。中间或后面，一般用逗号与主句隔开，但which所引导的非限制性定语从句只能放在主句之后。例如：

（1）As is expected，the England team won the football match.

（2）The earth runs around the sun，as is known by everyone. 《高中英语语法-定语从句的种类和用法》由liuxue86.com我整理

高考英语词汇重点详解：arrange的用法

具体解析语法填空技巧

技巧一：名词形式变化。名词的形式变化主要有单数、复数、所有格的变化。

技巧二：动词形式变化。动词的形式变化比较多，有谓语的变化（时态、语态、语气），有非谓语的变化（不定式、动名词、现在分词、过去分词）。

技巧三：代词形式变化。代词形式变化通常是与人称变化有关。即人称代词（主格和宾格）、物主代词（形容词性和名词性）、反身代词。还有几个不定代词的形式变化，如no one/none、other/another。指示代词（it 和this）it 用作引导词等。

技巧四：形容词、副词比较级变化。英语中大部分形容词和表方式的副词都有原级、比较级和最高级的变化。构成比较级和最高级的方式，或通过加后缀-er 和-est，或在词前加more/less 和most/least，且形容词的绝对最高级还要冠以the。

技巧五：数词形式变化。数词的形式变化包括基数词、序数词，或加后缀-teen、-ty 的变化，甚至还有作分母用的序数词的单复数形式，以及one/two 的特殊变化形式once/twice。

技巧六：词的派生。词的派生现象在英语单词中是很常见的，派生现象主要发生在名词、动词、形容词、副词四种词中。这种题型还有可能检测学生对词根、前后缀、派生词的掌握。

技巧七：固定短语结构。根据句中横线前后及整句来判断横线前后是否构成一个固定短语，但有时要对横线前或后的几个单词结合看才能命中答案。

技巧八：从句引导词。从句是此题型最为常见的一个方向，主要考查学生对各种从句掌握程度。

技巧九：短语动词结构。短语动词是以动词为中心的两个或多个词构成的短语，此类短语中往往是动词与介词或副词连用的多些。

技巧十：介词、短语介词结构。常用的介词有in，at，on，before，during 等，通常考查固定搭配。短语介词即多个词的组合起介词作用的短语，如：except for，due to 等。

技巧十一：连词、关联短语结构。常用的连词有and，or，but，so，for，while 等，常用的关联短语both……and，either……or，neither……nor，not only……but also 等。

技巧十二：冠词无提示词名词之前。冠词只能是在a，an，the之间判断。

技巧十三：上下文中出现的相关词。这是较难的，但也是通过上下文去做题时最有效的方法。学生可以根据上下文关系和自己积累的知识，填入某个词。

高考英语语法:高中英语语法-定语从句

高考英语词汇重点详解：arrange的用法

　高考英语词汇详解：arrange的.用法

　1. 表示“安排”，注意以下用法：

　①用作及物动词。如：

　a) 用名词或代词作宾语。如：

　We will arrange everything. 你们会安排好一切的。

　I’ve arranged a taxi for you. 我已为你们安排了一辆出租车。

　有时用于被动语态。如：

　It is all arranged. 这事全都安排好了。

　b) 用不定式作宾语。如：

　They arranged to start early. 他们计划一早出发。

　I’ve arranged to see them tonight. 我已安排今晚同他们见面。

　We still have to arrange how to go there. 我们还得安排如何去那儿。

　表示“安排某人做某事”，不能用 arrange sb to do sth, 而应用 arrange for sb to do sth 。

　c) 用 that 从句作宾语。如：

　We have arranged that she look after the children. 我们已安排她照看孩子。

　They arranged that the meeting be put off to Saturday. 他们安排把会议推迟到星期六。

　d) 不接双宾语。如：

　请给我们安排一次与工人的会见。

　正：Please arrange an interview with the workers for us.

　误：Please arrange us an interview with the workers.

　②用作不及物动词。如：

　We must arrange about that. 我们须对此事作出安排。

　Call up and arrange a taxi，please. 请打电话安排一辆出租车。

　Let’s go and arrange with them about it. 我们去和他们把这事安排一下。

　Let’s try and arrange so that we can get there in time. 我们设法安排一下，以便能及时赶到。

　用作不及物动词时，还通常用于 arrange for sb to do sth。如：

　He’s arranged for me to attend the meeting. 他已安排我去参加会议。

　We have arranged for the car to come at nine. 我们已安排好让汽车9点钟来。

　比较以下同义句型。如：

　我们安排把会议推迟一周后召开。

　正：We arranged for the meeting to be put off for a week.

　正：We arranged that the meeting be put off for a week.

　2. 表示“整理”、“排列”，是及物动词。如：

　They were arranged in kinds . 他们是按种类排列的。

　We must arrange the room before the guests arrive. 在客人到来之前我们必须把房间整理好。

2017年高考英语备考：关系代词副词的区别

《高中英语语法-定语从句》由英语我整理,更多请访问:。本内容整理时间为05月12日，如有任何问题请联系我们。

定语从句

(一)定语从句一般由关系代词和关系副词引导

1、关系代词:who, whom, whose, which, that, as

2、关系副词:when, where, why

关系代词和关系副词必须位于从句之首,主句先行词之后,起着连接先行词和从句的作用, 同时在从句中又充当句子成分。

e.g. She is the girl who sings best of all.(关系代词who在从句中作主语)

The comrade with whom I came knows French.(whom在从句中作介词with的宾语)

3、关系代词和关系副词的用法:1)当先行词为人时用who 作主语,whom作宾语;2)当先行词为物或整个句子时用which ,可作主语或宾语;3)先行词为人、物时用that ,可作主语或宾语;4)whose用作定语,可指人或物;5)关系副词when(指时间,在定语从句中作时间状语,where(指地点,在定语从句中作地点状语),why(指原因,在定语从句中作原因状语)。

(二)限制性定语从句与非限制性定语从句

1、限制性定语从句:从句与主句关系密切,去掉从句,主句意义不完整,甚至不合逻辑。

e.g. I was the only person in our office who was invited.(去掉定语从句,意思就不完整)

2、非限制性定语从句:从句对先行词关系不密切,去掉定从句,意思仍然完整。形式上用逗号隔开,不能that用引导。

e.g. Tom's father, who is over sixty, still works hard day and night.(who引导非限制性定语从句,整个句子可分成两句来翻译)

(三)使用定语从句时特别注意的几个问题

1、that与which的区别。

1)用that而不用 which的情况:①先行词为不定代词all, anything, nothing, ?;②先行词有最高级修饰,有序数词修饰;③先行词有only, very, any等词修饰;④先行词既有人又有物时。

e.g. There is nothing that can prevent him from doing it. 没有什么能阻止他不干那件事。

The first place that they visited in Guilin was Elephant Trunk Hill. 在桂林他们所参观的第一个地方是象鼻山。

This is the best film that I have ever seen. 这部**是我看过的最好的一部。

Mr Smith is the only foreigner that he knows. 史密斯先生是他认识的唯一的外国人。

2)用which而不用 that的情况:①引导非限制性定语从句;②代表整个主句的意思;③介词 + 关系代词。

e.g. He had failed in the maths exam, which made his father very angry. 他数学考试没有及格,这使他的父亲很生气。

This is the room in which my father lived last year. 这是父亲去年居住过的房子。

3)as引导定语从句时的用法

①as引导限制性定语从句通常用于the same ? as, such ? as结构中。

e.g. I want the same shirt as my friend's. 我要一件跟我朋友一样的衬衫。

Such machines as are used in our workshop are made in China. 我们车间使用的这种机器是中国制造的。

②as引导非限制性定语从句既可放在主句之前,也可放在主句之后,用来修饰整个句子。通常用下列句型:as is known to all, as is said, as is reported, as is announced, as we all know, as I expect 等。

e.g. As I expected, he got the first place again in this mid-term examination. 正如我所预料的那样,他在这次期中考试中又获得了第一名。

3)as 引导非限制性定语从句时与which的区别

①当主句和从句语义一致时,用as;反之,用which来引导非限制性定语从句。

e.g. He made a long speech, as we expected.

He made a long speech, which was unexpected.

②当非限制定语从句为否定时,常用which引导。

e.g. Tom drinks a lot every day, which his wife doesn't like at all.

2. 关系代词在从句中作主语时,从句的谓语动词单数还是用复数应由先行词决定。

e.g. The man who lives downstairs speaks English fluently. 住在楼下的那个人英语说得很流利。

The students who are in Grade Three are going to climb the hill tomorrow.

3. 定语从句有时不直接紧靠先行词,中间由一个定语、状语或谓语隔开。

e.g. There is an expression in his eyes that I can't understand.

4. 引导定语从句的关系副词有时可以用"介词 + which"来代替。

e.g. October 1, 1949 was the day on which ( = when ) the People's Republic of China was founded.

5. 当定语从句中谓语动词是带介词或副词的固定短语动词时,短语动词的各个固定部分不要拆开。

e.g. The sick man whom she is looking after is her father.

6. 介词在关系代词前,只能用which和whom,且不能省略;介词在句尾,关系代词可有which, that, whom, 口语中也可用who,且可省略。

e.g. The man (whom/ who/ that) you were talking about has come to school.

练习、定语从句

一、把下列每对句子合并成含有定语从句的主从复合句:

1. The fan is on the desk. You want it.

2. The man is in the next room. He brought our textbooks here yesterday.

3. The magazine is mine. He has taken it away.

4. The students will not pass the exam . They don't study hard.

5. The woman is our geography teacher. You saw her in the park.

6. The letter is from my sister. I received it yesterday.

7. The play was wonderful. We saw it last night.

8. The train was late. It was going to Nanning.

9. The boy is my brother. He was here a minute ago.

10. The tree is quite tall. He is climbing it.

11. Here is the girl. Her brother works in this shop.

12. That's the child. We were looking at his drawing just now.

13. This is the boy. His sister is a famous singer.

14. I want to talk to the boys. Their homework haven't been handed in.

15. Is that the woman? Her daughter is in my class.

16. He used to live in a big house. In front of it grew many banana trees.

17. They passed a factory. At the back of the factory there were rice fields.

18. The soldier ran to the building. On the top of it flew a flag.

19. In the evening they arrived at a hill. At the foot of the hill there was a temple.

20. She came into a big room. In the middle of it stood a large table.

二、根据句子意思,在第一个空白处填入介词,在第二个填入关系代词whom或which:

1. The person ________ ________ I spoke just now is the manager that I told you about.

2. The pencil ________ ________ he was writing broke.

3. Wu Dong, ________ ________ I went to the concert, enjoyed it very much.

4. The two things ________ ________ Marx was not sure were the grammar and some of the idioms of English.

5. Her bag, ________ ________ she put all her books, has not been found.

6. The stories about the Long March, ________ ________ this is one example, are well written.

三、选择填空:

1. The man ____ visited our school yesterday is from London.

A. who B. which C. whom D. when

2. The woman ____ is talking to my mother is a friend of hers.

A. whose B. who C. whom D. which

3. Because of my poor memory, all ____ you told me has been forgotten.

A. that B. which C. what D. as

4. Do you remember those days ____ we spent along the seashore very happily?

A. when B. where C. which D. who

5. Tom did not take away the camera because it was just the same camera ____ he lost last week.

A. which B. that C. whom D. as

6. Those ____ want to go please sign their names here.

A. whom B. which C. who D. when

7. Where is the man ____ I met this morning?

A. when B. where C. which D. who

8. Who is the woman ____ is sweeping the floor over there?

A. who B. / C. that D. when

9. The man ____ you talked just now is a worker.

A. who B. whom C. to whom D. to who

10. The man ____ you are going to make friends is my father's neighbour.

A. with whom B. when C. to whom D. which

11. The doctor ____ is leaving for Africa next month.

A. the nurse is talking to him B. whom the nurse is talking

C. the nurse is talking to D. who the nurse is talking

12. The man ____ around our school is from America.

A. which you showed B. you showed him C. you showed D. where you showed

13. He talked about a hero ____ no one had ever heard.

A. of whom B. from whom C. about that D. who

14. In fact the Swede did not understand the three questions ____ were asked in French.

A. where B. who C. in which D. which

15. Have you read the book ____ I lent to you?

A. that B. whom C. when D. whose

16. Finally, the thief handed over everything ____ he had stolen to the police.

A. that B. which C. whatever D. all

17. The foreign guests, ____ were government officials, were warmly welcomed at the airport.

A. most of them B. most of that C. most of whom D. most of those

18. This is the very letter ____came last night.

A. who B. which C. that D. as

19. I know only a little about this matter; you may ask ____ knows better than I.

A. whoever B. whomever C. anyone D. the one

20. This is the school ____ we visited three days ago.

A. where B. / C. when D. what

21. This is the factory ____ we worked a year ago.

A. where B. that C. which D. on which

22. Nearby were two canoes ____ they had come to the island.

A. which B. in which C. that D. /

23. Jack is pleased with ____ you have given him and all ____ you have told him.

A. that, what B. what, that C. which, what D. that, which

24. Do you work near the building ____ colour is yellow?

A. that B. which C. its D. whose

25. In the dark street, there wasn't a single person ____ she could turn for help.

A. whom B. who C. to whom D. form whom

26. Is this school ____ we visited three years ago?

A. the one B. which C. that D. where

27. Is this the school ____ we visited three years ago?

A. the one B. where C. in which D. /

28, How many students are there in your class ____ homes are in the country?

A. whose B. who C. whom D. which

29. Alice received an invitation from her boss, ____ came as a surprise.

A. it B. which C. that D. he

30. The train was crowded and I had to get into a carriage ____ already seven other people.

A. when there were B. which there were C. that there were D. where there were

31. I live in the house ____ windows face south.

A. which B. whose C. where D. in that

32. ---- What game is popular with them? ---- The ____ most is tennis.

A. game they like it B. game they like C. best game they like D. best game they like it

33. They stayed with me three weeks, ____ they drank all the wine I had.

A. which B. which time C. during which time D. during which

34. The room ____ Mr White lives is not very large.

A. that B. which C. where D. when

35. Don't forget the day ____ you were received into the Youth League.

A. when B. that C. at which D. where

36. I've finished writing the novel, ____ is to be published next month.

A. that B. what C. which D. when

37. He returned home safe and sound after a fierce battle, ____ was unexpected.

A. which B. as C. that D. it

38. ____ we is known to all, English is not very difficult to learn.

A. What B. As C. That D. Which

39. The old man had three sons, all of ____ died during World War Ⅱ.

A. whose B. that C. whom D. who

40. I have bought two pens, ____ write well.

A. none of which B. neither of which C. both of which D. all of which

41. Do you know the reason ____ she has changed her mind?

A. why B. which C. for that D. of which

42. He failed in the exam, ____ proves that he wasn't working hard enough.

A. which B. what C. it D. that

43. During the week ____ he tried to collect materials for his article.

A. following B. followed C. to follow D. that followed

44. ____ was expected, he succeeded in the exam.

A. It B. Which C. As D. That

45. He studied hard and later became a well-known writer, ____ his father expected.

A. that was what B. what was that C. and which was D. which was what

46. We should read such books ____ will make us better and wiser.

A. when B. as C. whose D. what

47. You must show my wife the same respect ____ you show me.

A. when B. as C. whose D. what

48. He is absent ____ is often the case.

A. what B. which C. who D. as

49. It is the first time ____ I have come to your city.

A. that B. which C. what D. when

50. Who ____ has the same idea as it will do it in this way.

A. who B. that C. whom D. which

51. I shall never forget those years ____ I lived in the country with the farmers, ____ has a great effect on my life.

A. that, which B. when, which C. which, that D. when, who

52. This is the only book ____ I can find.

A. that B. which C. it D. with which

53. I don't like ____ you speak to her.

A. the way B. the way in that C. the way which D. the way of which

54. That is one of those books that ____ worth reading.

A. is B. are C. has D. have

55. This is the only one of the students whose handwriting ____ the best.

A. is B. are C. has D. have

56. There was ____ to prevent the accident.

A. something could do B. anything we could do

C. nothing we couldn't do D. nothing we could do 《高中英语语法-定语从句》由英语我整理,更多请访问: style="font-size: 18px;font-weight: bold;border-left: 4px solid #a10d00;margin: 10px 0px 15px 0px;padding: 10px 0 10px 20px;background: #f1dada;">英语语法：高考英语定语从句的主要考

一、 关系代词和关系副词的区别

1、关系代词(that, who, whom, whose, which)所代替的先行词是人或物的名词或代词，并在句中充当主语、宾语、定语等成分。

例1. Is he the man who/that wants to see you?(who / that在从句中作主语，指人)

例2. He is the man whom/ that I saw yesterday.(whom / that在从句中作宾语，指人)

例3. They rushed over to help the man whose car had broken down.(whose在句中作定语，指人)

例4. Please pass me the book whose (of which) cover is green.(whose在句中作定语，指物。若指物，它还可以同of which互换)

例5. The package (which / that) you are carrying is about to come unwrapped. 你拿的包快散了。(which / that在句中作carry的宾语，指物)

2、关系副词(when, where, why, that)可代替的先行词是时间、地点或理由的名词，在从句中作状语。关系副词when, where, why的含义相当于"介词+ which"结构，因此常常和"介词+ which"结构交替使用。

例6. Beijing is the place where (in which) I was born.

例7. Is this the reason why (for which) he refused our offer?

例8. His father died the year (that / when / in which) he was born.

例9. He can’t find the place (that / where / in which) he lived forty years ago.

二、 判断用关系代词和关系副词

方法1： 用关系代词，还是关系副词完全取决于从句中的谓语动词。及物动词后面无宾语，就必须要求用关系代词;而不及物动词则要求用关系副词。请改错：

1. This is the mountain village where I visited last year.

2. I will never forget the days when I spent in the countryside.

习惯上总把表地点或时间的名词与关系副词 where, when联系在一起。此两题错在关系词的误用上。句1和句2的where, when都应改为which.。

方法2： 准确判断先行词在定语从句中的成分(主、谓、宾、定、状)，根据第一点(区别)，也能正确选择出关系代词/关系副词。

例10.This museum is ___ you visited a few days age?

A. where　B. that　 C. on which　 D. the one

例11. This is the museum ____ the exhibition was held.

A. where　　B. that　 C. on which　　D. the one (答案：例1 D，例2 A)

在例10中，所缺部分为宾语，而where, that, on which都不能起到宾语的作用，只有the one既做了主句的表语，又可做从句的宾语，可以省略关系代词，所以应选D。

而例11中, 主、谓、宾俱全，从句部分为句子的状语表地点，既可用副词where，又因 in the museum词组，可用介词in + which 引导地点状语。而此题中，介词on 用的不对，所以选A。

关系词的选择依据在从句中所做的成分，先行词在从句中做主、定、宾语时，选择关系代词 (who, whom, that, which, whose); 先行词在从句中做状语时，应选择关系副词 ( where 地点状语，when 时间状语，why 原因状语)。

方法3：当先行词是all, everything, anything, nothing，the one, much, few, any, little等，或先行词是形容词级时，或在there be 句型中，或当先行行词既有人又有物时，关系代词用that, 而不用which。

例12. Finally, the thief handed everything that he had stolen to the police.

例13. The soldiers and their guns that we sent to the front were lost.

方法4：在引导非限定性定语从句时，和在介词后不能用that，应用which。

例14.(错)　The tree, that (改为which)is four hundred years old, is very famous here.

例15.We depend on the land from which we get our food.

高考英语语法:高中英语语法-用主格代词还是用宾格代词

考点一 考查关系代词whose引导的定语从句

　1. A person ________ e-mail account is full won’t be able to send or receive any e-mails. (天津卷)

　A. who B. whom C. whose D. whoever

　解析C。在所给的四个关系代词中，只有whose能用于名词用作定语，故选C。又如：A bookseller is a person whose job is selling books. 书商就是其职业是卖书的人。

　2. Many children, ________ parents are away working in big cities, are taken good care of in the village. (安徽卷)

　A. their B. whose C. of them D. with whom

　解析B。their是物主代词，不是关系代词，不能引导定语从句，所以不能选;在其余三个选项中，只有whose能用于名词用作定语，故选B。句意为：许多孩子的父母外出到大城市打工去了，他们在家乡被照顾得很好。

　3. I was born in New Orleans, Louisiana, a city ________ name will create a picture of beautiful trees and green grass in our mind. (湖南卷)

　A. which B. of which C. that D. whose

　解析D。在所给定的四个关系代词中，只有which和whose能用于名词用作定语，故可排除B和C。而关系代词which和whose用于名词前作定语的区别是：which具有that或this的语义特征，而whose则具有one’s的语义特征。

　考点二 考查关系代词which引导的定语从句

　1. They’ve won their last three matches, ________ I find a bit surprising. (辽宁卷)

　A. that B. when C. what D. which

　解析D。that不用于引导非限制性定语从句，故被排除;when可引导非限制性定语从句，但只用于指时间，与句意不符，故也被排除;而what不是关系代词，不能用于引导定语从句，故也被排除;which在此引导非限制性定语从句，并在定语从句中充当动词find的宾语。句意为：他们赢了最后三场比赛，我发现这有点令人吃惊。

　2. My friend showed me round the town, ________ was very kind of him. (全国Ⅱ)

　A. which B. that C. where D. it

　解析A。由于两个句子之间没有并列连词，所以不能选B或D;而where是关系副词，不能用作主语;which在此引导非限制性定语从句，并在从句中用作主语。又如：Peter drove too fast, which was dangerous. 彼得开车很快，这是很危险的。

　3. Whenever I met her, ________ was fairly often, she greeted me with a sweet smile. (山东卷)

　A. who B. which C. when D. that

　解析B。that不能用于引导非限制性定语从句，故可排除;when是关系副词，不用作主语，故也可排除;who用于指人，但这里的定语从句不是修饰her，而是修饰whenever I met her，故不能用who，此处应用which。又如：He said that he had never seen her before, which was not true. 他说他从没见到过她，这是不真实的。

《高中英语语法-用主格代词还是用宾格代词》由留学英语组我整理(www.liuxue86.com)。本内容整理时间为05月12日，如有任何问题请联系我们。

用主格代词还是用宾格代词

主格代词和宾格代词的用法是近几年高考试题考查的热点之一，许多考生因为没有掌握好这方面的知识而常常出错失分。请先看下面这道高考题：

（ NMET 2003 ）－ Susan， go and join your sister cleancing the yard.

－ Why ______？ John is sitting there doing nothing.

A. him B. he C. I D. me

此题的正确答案是 D .

下面我们探讨一下在什么情况下用主格代词，在什么情况下用宾格代词。

1. 英语口语中习惯上用人称代词的宾格作表语。例如：

It's me. 是我。（ It's I. 为正式用法。）

What would you do if you were him？

如果你是他，你怎么办？

I didn't expect the winner to be her.

我没有料到获胜者会是她。

2. 宾格代词常出现在下面这样的感叹句中：

（ 1 ）－ He's got to repay the money.

他必须偿还这笔钱。

－ Poor him！ 他真倒霉！

（ 2 ）－ She won the match. 她赢得了比赛。

－ Lucky her！ 她真走运！

3. 如果作主语的人称代词孤立地用于无谓语动词的句子中，常用宾格代词。在省略句中通常用宾格代词。例如：

（ 1 ）－ I like watching TV. 我喜欢看电视。

－ Me， too. 我也喜欢。

（ 2 ）－ Who wants a lift to the station？

谁想搭便车去车站？

－ Me！

我！

（ 3 ）－ Does anybody want another orange？

谁还要桔子？

－ Me！ 我要！

4. 作主语的人称代词与 not 或 why 连用时，常用宾格代词。例如：

（ 1 ）－ Someone will have to answer for it.

有人会为此负责。

－ Not you or me.

不是你也不是我。

（ 2 ）－ Why me？ 为什么是我？

－ I was no duty yesterday.

我昨天值班了。

值得注意的是，在上述句式中，通常用第一人称代词的宾格作主语，其它人称的代词较少见。

5. 在 as 和 than 后面也有用主格代词或宾格代词两种可能性。在口语里习惯上用宾格代词，在正式文体中用主格代词。例如：

My younger brother is as tall as me. / My younger brother is as tall as I （ am ） .

我弟弟和我一样高。

He is much stronger than me. / He is much stronger than I （ am ） .

他比我强壮得多。

6. 在强调句中有用主格代词或宾格代词作主语两种可能性。在正式文体中用主格代词，在非正式文体中用宾格代词。例如：

It was me that told the police.

是我告诉警察的。（非正式文体）

It is I who will take charge of the class meeting tomorrow afternoon.

明天下午将由我主持班会。（正式文体）

7. 在非正式文体中，可以用 who 代替 whom 作宾语，但在正式文体中多用 whom 作宾语，而在介词后面只能用 whom 作宾语。例如：

Who are you going with？

你和谁一起去？（非正式文体）

Whom do you decide to send to the countryside？

你们决定派谁去农村？（正式文体）

Who did you shake hands with？

你和谁握手了？（非正式文体）

With whom did you shake hands？

你和谁握手了？（正式文体）

8. ? but / except + 代词?中的代词在句中作主语时，宜用主格代词，在句中作宾语时，宜用宾格代词。例如：

Nobody but she can solve our problems.

除了她没有人能解决我们的问题。

All the students like dancing except him.

除了他以外，所有的学生都喜欢跳舞。 《高中英语语法-用主格代词还是用宾格代词》由留学英语组我整理(www.liuxue86.com)